How is Giardiasis transmitted?

Giardiasis is primarily transmitted through the fecal-oral route, which means that the parasite Giardia lamblia can spread through ingestion of contaminated food or water. This mode of transmission often occurs when individuals consume water that has been contaminated with feces from an infected person or animal. Additionally, pets can also serve as carriers of the parasite, further enhancing the possibility of transmission through interactions where hygiene practices are not enforced, such as petting animals and then eating without washing hands.

This dual transmission method—both through contaminated environments and contact with infected animals—highlights the importance of good hygiene practices and awareness of where drinking water comes from, especially in areas where such contamination is likely. The other choices do not encompass the full range of transmission methods associated with Giardiasis, as the respiratory route and direct contact alone would not effectively transmit the parasite in isolation. Understanding this helps in recognizing the preventive measures necessary to avoid infection.